Schlüssel zur Revision

RS = Rechtschreibung (spelling error) Idiet (Richtig: Idiot)

GS = Grossschreibung (capitalization) idiot (Richtig: Idiot

KS = Kleinschreibung (lower case) Idiotisch (Richtig: idiotisch)

M = Masculinum (It should be a form of "der")

F = Femininum (It should be a form of "die")

N = Neutrum (It should be a form of "das")

PL= Plural (The article should take a form of "die" or else the plural itself is wrong (PL-1 = Class 1 Plural: der Leiter / die Leiter; PL-2 = Class 2 Plural: der Hund / die Hunde; PL-3 = Class 3 Plural: das Bild / die Bilder; PL-4 = Class 4 Plural: die Frau / die Frauen; PL-5 = Class 5 Plural: das Auto / die Autos; Umlaut above the bar indicates that Umlaut is to be added (der Wald / die Wälder)

NOM = Nominativ (Nominative case: der, die, das, die or the equivalent)

AKK = Akkusativ (Accusative case: den, die, das, die or the equivalent)

DAT = Dativ (Dative case: dem, der, dem, den or the equivalent)

DAT-N = Don't forget to add "n" to nouns of plural classes I-III in the plural (mit den Bildern / außer den Schülern)

GEN = Genitiv (Genitive case: des, des, des, der or the equivalent)

GEN-S = Add an "s" or "es" to your masculine or neuter noun in the Genitive (des Mannes)

N-SUBST = This noun takes "n" or "en" in all cases except Nominative (der Student, den Studenten, dem Studenten, des Studenten / der Herrn, den Herrn, dem Herrn, des Herrn)

FREUND = The verb's principal parts merely add the requisite endings to the stem without changes (machen, machte, gemacht); the conjugation followed by most verbs in German

FEIND = The verb's principal parts feature at least one stem vowel change, as well as possibility of a stem vowel change for "du" and "er,sie,es" in present tense (geben (du gibst, er gibt) - gab - gegeben / gehen, ging, ist gegangen); you memorized the seven classes of these.

VERRÄTER = The verb combines the stem-vowel changes of FEINDE with the regular endings of FREUNDE (wissen - wusste - gewusst / kennen - kannte - gekannt; They seem like FREUNDE but they are really FEINDE, hence the name "traitors."

WS = Wortstellung (Word order: the element in parentheses needs to go somewhere else in the clause. The arrow indicates the proper direction.)

= Laufende Figur (running figure; Verb of motion: You need to use "sein" as a helping verb and not "haben"). Ich habe ins Kino gegangen. Richtig: Ich bin ins Kino gegangen.

SING = singular (It should be singular: Keine Mann. Richtig: Kein Mann.

PL = plural (It should be plural: Kein Männer. Richtig: Keine Männer.

KONJ II = der Konjunktiv II (Use subjunctive mood instead of indicative: dass er nichts gemacht hat... Richtig: dass er nichts gemacht hätte...

KONJ I = der Konjunktiv I (Use the form Germans reserve for indirect speech or quotations dass er müde ist... Richtig: dass er müde sei...

KA = kein Artikel (There is no article or limiting word present, so the endings follow the regular endings of the definite articles: deutsche() Bier Richtig: deutsches Bier

Arrrrrrgh! = Arrrrrrgh!