Politics and Government 250 Spring 1999

 

Methods, Analysis, and Argument in Political Literature:

Knowing Your Political Left from Your Political Right

 

Bill Haltom

Library 250 756-3445

"HALTOM@UPS.EDU"

 

Salutation

Welcome to Politics and Government 250, "Methods, Analysis, and Argument in Political Literature," the third version of an experiment by the Department of Politics and Government. The Department mandated construction of P&G 250 because too few majors in Politics and Government were learning as much in advanced courses as they could. One reason for this educational shortfall, the Department decided, was that students acquired too little practical knowledge about how to learn: how to read, how to write, how to edit and rewrite, and how to criticize their work and that of others. P&G 250 conveys such practical knowledge amid an introduction to concepts of conservatism and liberalism.

Objectives

Beyond meeting departmental objectives, I have tried and shall continue to try to craft the course to suit your needs and goals both while you attend UPS and after you graduate [or give up or get paroled]. Here I reduce our objectives to three sorts of experiences: of scholarly ideals, collaborative practices, and disciplined habits.

Scholarly Ideals¾ We shall cover conventions about documentation and sources and other academic forms, but I want you to master the larger, more important ideals behind the forms. Those ideals matter; the forms do not! Professors and employers agree on the ideals but vary in the indicators of those ideals to which they are most partial. A liberal-arts degree should be about pursuit of lofty learning, not conformity to punctilious pedants.

Collaborative Practices¾ I expect our course to improve your ability to read, write, and think like an advanced college student. However, I shall judge the success or failure of our time together by how much each of us learns about how we ought to communicate, how we ought to ponder together and separately, and how we might rededicate ourselves to achievement and excellence. In sum, P&G 250 is itself collaborative and strives to inculcate collaborative practices.

Disciplined Habits¾ P&G 250 is a course consumed by and with method, the set of most appropriate ways of organizing and conducting inquiry. The course first models inquiry and then asks you to commit to the best manner of inquiring. You define the best habits for investigation and then begin to acquire habits that you have fashioned.

You will not achieve the three objectives just listed in this semester. Rather, you will begin to understand what you must do before your conclusions, arguments, and writing are entitled to respect and credence. Although P&G 250 will begin to "pay off" this semester, the ultimate objectives of the course are not attained but approximated over a lifetime.

Format

P&G 250 is writing-intensive. You will be submitting written work aplenty. Classes will feature intense discussions as well. I shall make formal presentations but try to keep them brief. I have attempted to concentrate your writing on weekends and Mondays, so I have tried to make your workloads lighter on Fridays and Mondays. Your heaviest responsibilities for reading should fall on Wednesdays.

Onerous Rules

1. All written work in this course must be typed or word-processed on any unlined paper except onionskin, double-spaced, paginated, with margins on the left and on the right greater than one inch but less than two inches (for the mathematically inclined, 1" < side margins < 2"). Please submit all work in triplicate.

2. I deduct one whole grade (1.0) for every class or part of a class that any submission is late. Although I try to reward creativity and imagination in this course, I shall accept no exceptions and no excuses for tardy work.

3. Please feel free to see me about papers or other class matters. However, I shall insist that you wait at least twenty-four hours before seeing me about any graded effort. This allows you to read my comments, consider issues carefully, and make your most intellectual, least emotional presentation to me.

4. Please feel free to call me at my office to set up appointments if you cannot make my office hours. My office telephone number is 756-3445. You may also contact me electronically. However, only emergencies that you could not have foreseen will excuse your contacting me at my home (383-9846).

5. All members of this class must secure computer accounts at an electronic address that classmates and I can reach. Please contact me at "HALTOM@UPS.EDU" by January 31, 1999 to receive a passing grade in class participation for the first week. You will receive a failing grade in class participation for each week until you contact me through cyber-space. This rule will save all of us time and energy because we shall be able to speak to one another routinely.

6. I shall stop reading any submission (even electronic!) when I hit the fifth error of spelling or typing that a computer's spell-check would have caught. I am willing to work with you on your grammar and other sources of solecisms. I am not willing to countenance indolence [at least, not yours; my own bothers me less]. Check your work! I also reserve the right to reject work that is so riddled with errors that it insults you as well as me. You lose a grade [-1.0 on a 4.0 scale] from rejected work, which you must resubmit by the class after you receive it back.

7. I shall do my best to help you learn. I shall also do my best to make you teach yourself. I shall do nothing to help you avoid work.

 

"Excuses please the one who makes them."

 

Evaluation

Your grade for P&G 250 will combine the following four components:

my summary assessment of your portfolio (due 5 May 1999)

my summary assessment of your class participation (every day)

your average grade on each of twelve submissions below

the average summary assessment of classmates by students (due 3 May 1999)

 

Thus, each component counts as one quarter of your grade for this course.

 

Schedule

 

Week One Scholarship as Creative Art and Messy Process

1-20 Course set-up¾ Politics and Government 250 as if it were The Virtual Journal

of Politics & Government [VJP&G], for which students serve as referees

Reading # 0 in P&G 250 Packet: Steven R. Knowlton, "How Students Get Lost in Cyberspace,"

New York Times (11-2-97) ["Education Life"] pp. 18, 21.

 

 

1-22 How scholarship gets produced¾ academic trench warfare and ideologies

Reading # 1 in P&G 250 Packet: Thomas R. Dye and Harmon Zeigler, "Socialism and Militarism,"

PS: Political Science & Politics (1989) pp. 800-13; Michael Parenti, "Socialism, Capitalism, and Militarism: Reply to Dye and Zeigler," PS (1990) pp. 579-83; Dye and Zeigler, "Socialism and Militarism: Confronting Ideology with Evidence," PS (1990) pp. 583-4; Parenti, "Rejoinder to Dye and Zeigler," PS (1990) pp. 584-5.

Please consult Ch. 6 of The Craft of Research

for hints about how to take notes.

Week Two Analysis, Writing, and Research as Creative Art and Messy Process

1-25 Skimming¾ 80% of the Reward Comes from 20% of the Work

Wayne C. Booth, Gregory G. Colomb, and Joseph M. Williams, The Craft of Research

(University of Chicago Press, 1995) passim

1-27 Cyber-Learned, Cyber-Spurned, Cyber-Burned?

Reading # 0 in P&G 250 Packet: Knowlton, "How Students Get Lost in Cyberspace."

1-29 Locating and Assaying Sources

Please meet in Library 110.

Week Three—Left and Right in Politics

2-1 The Simplest Liberal-Conservative Continuum

Bradley O’Leary and Victor Kamber, Are You a Conservative or a Liberal? Chs. 2, 4, 16

2-3 Elementary Concepts of Liberalism and Conservatism

O’Leary and Kamber, Are You a Conservative or a Liberal? Chs. 6-7

the Pew Research Center’s typology,

and another authority you locate on your own.

2-5 Competing Concepts of "Ideology"

The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press <http://www.people-press.org/fit.htm>.

 

Week Four—Left and Right in Political Science

2-8 Left and Right in Cross-Cultural Perspective

Reading # 2 in P&G 250 Packet: Ronald Inglehart and Marita Carballo, "Does Latin America Exist?

(And Is There a Confucian Culture?): A Global Analysis of Cross-Cultural Differences," PS: Political

Science & Politics (March 1997) pp. 34-46; "Cultural Explanations: The man in the Baghdad café,"

The Economist (November 9, 1996) pp. 23-26; Samuel P. Huntington, "The Clash of Civilizations?"

Foreign Affairs (Summer 1993) pp. 22-49.

2-10 Left and Right in Domestic Perspective

Reading # 3 in P&G 250 Packet: Arthur Sanders, "The Meaning of Liberalism and Conservatism,"

Polity (Fall 1986) pp. 123-135. Reading # 4 in P&G 250 Packet: Reading # 4 in P&G 250 Packet:

Pamela Johnston Conover and Stanley Feldman, "The Origins and Meaning of Liberal/Conservative

Self-Identifications," American Journal of Political Science (November 1981) excerpted from Richard

G. Niemi and Herbert F. Weisberg, Controversies in Voting Behavior (Washington, D.C.: CQ Press,

1984) pp. 354-376.

2-12 Methodology Left and Right

Review Readings Two through Four to distinguish methodological from substantive assessments of

political research.

 

 

 

Week Five—"Liberal" and "Conservative" and the Concept of Validity

2-15 Understanding Validity in Published Research

Reading # 5 in P&G 250 Packet: William Haltom, "Liberal-Conservative Continua: A Comparison of

Measures," Western Political Quarterly (June 1990) pp. 387-401.

2-17 Questioning Validity in Published Research

Reading # 6 in P&G 250 Packet: Thomas M. Holbrook-Provow & Steven C. Poe, "Measuring State

Political Ideology," American Politics Quarterly (July 1987) pp. 399-416. Reading # 7 in P&G 250

Packet: Fred Kerlinger, Liberalism and Conservatism (Hillsdale, N.J.: Erlbaum, 1984) Chs. 1, 12.

2-19 Validity and Common Sense

"Resolved: Common sense tutored by wide reading best informs assessments of validity."

Week Six The Problem of Sophistication

2-22 How Sophistication Might be Measured and Conceived

Reading # 8 in P&G 250 Packet: Robert Luskin, "Measuring Political Sophistication," American

Journal of Political Science (November 1987), pp. 856-899.

2-24 Why Sophistication Might Matter

Reading # 9 in P&G 250 Packet: W. Russell Neuman, The Paradox of Mass Politics:

Knowledge and Opinion in the American Electorate, Ch. 8 and Appendix A.

2-26 Sophistication and Reliability and Validity

Reading # 10 in P&G 250 Packet: Michael X. Delli Carpini and Scott Keeter, What Americans Know

About Politics and Why It Matters, Ch. 4.

Submission # 8¾ due 1 March 1999

Please submit your revised prospectus for your article proposed for the VJP&G.

Week Seven The Problems of Temporal and Spatial Constraints

3-1 "Radical" Conservatism and Liberalism—Getting to the Roots

William S. Stewart, Understanding Politics: The Cultures of Societies and the Structures

of Governments (Chandler and Sharp, 1988) passim

3-3 The Global, Historical Essence(s) of Conservative Thought

Stewart, Understanding Politics, Chs. 4-6

3-5 The Global, Historical Essence(s) of Liberal Thought

Stewart, Understanding Politics, Chs. 7-8

Submission # 9¾ due 8 March 1999

Please submit your outline for your article proposed for the VJP&G.

Please consult The Craft of Research and Haltom often.

 

Week Eight Problems of Dynamics—Is Your Liberal-Conservative Continuum Time-Bound?

3-8 Left and Right in Practice in Recent U. S. History

J. Richard Piper, Ideologies and Institutions: American Conservative and Liberal Governance

Prescriptions Since 1933 (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1997) Chs. 1-11.

3-10 Modern Conservatism and Liberalism in Practice

Piper, Ideologies and Institutions, Chs. 12-22.

3-12 Neither Left Nor Right in Modern U. S. Politics?

Reading # 11 in P&G 250 Packet: Paul Gottfried, "Populism’s Gain Evinces Growing Distrust of

Elites: Liberal/Conservative Distinctions are Becoming Irrelevant for Analyzing Political Culture,"

Insight on the News (February 9, 1998) pp. 28-29.

Week Nine Organizing the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

    1. Staffing the VJP&G

Memorandum on the VJP&G (to be distributed).

3-24 Staff Meeting One for the VJP&G

Please select a style or stylebook to be used in all articles in the VJP&G.

    1. Staff Meeting Two for the VJP&G

Please design a process for dealing with manuscripts submitted to the VJP&G.

Submission # 10¾ due 29 March 1999

Please submit a polished draft of your proposed article

for the VJP&G. Please consult The Craft of Research and Haltom often.

Week Ten Problems of Structure in American Perspective

3-29 Defining Structure

Reading # 4 in P&G 250 Packet: Conover and Feldman, "The Origins and Meaning of

Liberal/Conservative Self-Identifications." Byron E. Shafer and William J. M. Claggett, The Two Majorities: The Issue Context of American Politics (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995) Chs. 1-4.

3-31 Clarifying Problems of Structure

Shafer and Claggett, The Two Majorities, Chs. 5-8.

4-2 Structure and the Liberal-Conservative Continuum¾ Review

Submission # 11¾ due 5 April 1999

Please submit a revised draft of your proposed article for the VJP&G.

Consult The Craft of Research and Haltom often and respond to criticisms of your polished draft.

 

Week Eleven Problems of Dynamics in Cross-National Perspective

4-5 Defining Dynamics

Ronald Inglehart, Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political

Change in 43 Societies (Princeton University Press, 1997) passim

4-7 Clarifying Problems of Statics and Dynamics

Inglehart, Chs. 3, 5, 6, 8, 11

4-9 Statics, Dynamics, Reliability, and Validity¾ Review

Submission # 12¾ due 12 April 1999

Please read and prepare referees’ reports on the drafts assigned

you by Haltom and/or the editor(s) of VJP&G.

Week Twelve Producing the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

    1. Organizing Our Editing of the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

4-14 Editing the First Article for the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

4-16 Editing the Second Article for the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

Week Thirteen Editing The Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

4-19 Editing the Third Article for the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

4-21 Editing the Fourth Article for the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

4-23 Editing the Fifth Article for the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government

Week Fourteen Getting the Virtual Journal of Politics and Government Out

4-26 Drafting an Introduction and Conclusion for the VJP&G

4-28 Redrafting our Introduction and Conclusion for the VJP&G

4-30 Finalizing our Introduction and Conclusion for the VJP&G

Week Fifteen Putting The Virtual Journal of Politics and Government to Bed

5-3 Assessing the First issue of the VJP&G

    1. Wrapping Up the Course

Due 5 May 1999

Please submit your portfolio (submissions one through twelve

and your editing of articles.